...eau). Il fabrique l’urine, on appelle ce...
...rénale Formation de l’urine Filtration glomérulaire Au...
...néphrons). Cela constitue l’urine primaire. On a...
...litre. Formation de l’urine définitive Réabsorption et...
...Au niveau de l’urine primaire, la glycémie...
...de 1g/L. Dans l’urine définitive la concentration...
...est nulle. dans l’urine en excès Si...
...protons H+ dans l’urine ce qui acidifie...
...de concentration de l’urine. Mécanisme de concentration...
...de concentration de l’urine Si on regarde...
...les mouvements globalement, l’urine finale est hypertonique....
...capsule de Bowman, l’urine était isotonique. L’eau...
...qui fait que l’urine est toujours isotonique....
...sort alors de l’urine vers le milieu....
...de l’anse ascendante, l’urine commence à rencontrer...
...à 20% de l’urine initiale. Au niveau...

...la fabrication de l’urine, c'est-à-dire la diurèse....
...collecteurs, qui collectent l’urine provenant de plusieurs...
...- Formation de l’urine Si l’on reprend...
...les néphrons, constituant l’urine primaire. Filtration glomérulaire...
...en prélevant de l’urine, mesurer la clearance,...
...180L. Formation de l’urine définitive Réabsorption et...
...en glucose, dans l’urine primaire, on constate...
...protons H+ dans l’urine ce qui acidifie...
...de concentration de l’urine. Mécanisme de concentration...
...de concentration de l’urine Si on regarde...
...les mouvements globalement, l’urine finale est hypertonique....
...capsule de Bowman, l’urine était isotonique. L’eau...
...qui fait que l’urine est toujours isotonique....
...sort alors de l’urine vers le milieu....
...de l’anse ascendante, l’urine commence à rencontrer...
...à 20% de l’urine initiale. Au niveau...

...cortex Inner medulla Urine leaves kidney via...
...in the glomerulus Urine Production Four processes...
...filtrate Excretion - Urine is excreted from...
...03,09 Reabsorption Primary urine Initial filtrate filtered...
...salt in primary urine reabsorbed using transport...
...multiple nephrons Carries urine to renal pelvis...
...Volume of primary urine decreases Primary urine...
...urine decreases Primary urine concentrated Ascending limb...
...and reabsorbed Primary urine becomes dilute Reabsorbed...
...not directly concentrate urine, rather it acts...
...kidney to produce urine hyperosmotic to blood...
...10.30 Excretion After urine is produced, it...
...bladder via ureters Urine temporarily stored in...
...stored in bladder Urine leaves bladder via...
...control flow of urine out of bladder...
...factors that affect urine output Diuretics Stimulate...
...Permeability Figure 10.34a Urine Concentration Osmotic concentration...
...concentration of final urine depends on permeability...
...collecting duct Dilute urine (formed in ascending...
...collecting duct Concentrated urine (formed in collecting...
...volume ANP increases urine output and consequently...
...of Na+ in urine Inhibits secretion of...
...into hindgut Primary urine formed by secretion,...
...hindgut modifies primary urine Diuretic hormones increase...
...Diuretic hormones increase urine formation CRF-related diuretic...
...urea from primary urine Final urine slightly...
...primary urine Final urine slightly hyposmotic relative...
...reabsorbed from primary urine Excretion of very...
...of very dilute urine Seawater Produce only...
...small amounts of urine Most ion, water,...
...Excretion of dilute urine Conserve water on...
...production of concentrated urine Mammals producing more...
...producing more concentrated urine have longer loop...

...is removed in urine. The urine also...
...in urine. The urine also removes some...
...of very dilute urine. Salts are replenished...
...lots of dilute urine, and their gills...
...exchange organs, in urine and feces, and...
...excretory systems produce urine by refining a...
...nearly all produce urine in a process...
...is excreted as urine. The systems that...
...tubule system. The urine in the tubules...
...environment. The excreted urine of freshwater flatworms...
...osmoregulatory functions. As urine moves along the...
...by producing dilute urine. Insects and other...
...structures that carry urine out of the...
...exiting the heart. Urine exits each kidney...
...bladder. During urination, urine is expelled from...
...mammals to produce urine that is hyperosmotic...
...to form the urine. Their most important...
...1.5 L of urine to be voided....
...of filtrate into urine. One of the...
...how concentrated the urine becomes. When the...
...net result is urine that is hyperosmotic...
...rather than concentrated urine, the kidney actively...
...kidney can excrete urine up to four...
...regions, can produce urine concentrated to 9,300...
...production of hyperosmotic urine are possible only...
...water from the urine in the collecting...
...to excrete hyperosmotic urine, are the key...
...to form concentrated urine. The vasa recta...
...excrete a hyperosmotic urine. The countercurrent-like characteristics...
...the kidney, the urine may reach the...
...interstitial fluid, the urine is hyperosmotic to...
...remaining in the urine to be secreted...
...to produce hyperosmotic urine is completely dependent...
...the most hyperosmotic urine, such as hopping...
...in very concentrated urine. In contrast, aquatic...
...much less concentrated urine. Birds, like mammals,...
...kidneys cannot concentrate urine to the osmolarities...
...cortical nephrons, produce urine that is, at...
...water present in urine and feces. Also,...
...of very dilute urine. Freshwater fishes conserve...
...kidneys excrete dilute urine. On land, where...
...excrete very little urine, and function mainly...
...excrete them with urine. The gills secrete...
...the osmolarity of urine, depending on the...
...volumes of hyperosmotic urine. If salt is...
...volumes of hypoosmotic urine (as dilute as...
...volumes of dilute urine as it feeds,...
...of highly concentrated urine (up to 4,600...
...amounts of dilute urine and small amounts...
...of very hyperosmotic urine is an essential...
...This reabsorption concentrates urine, reduces urine volume,...
...concentrates urine, reduces urine volume, and lowers...
...discharge of dilute urine. Diuresis refers to...
...uptake and reducing urine volume. Mutations that...
...to production of urine that is abnormally...

...excreted in the urine. Because of pH...
...excreted in alkaline urine, and vice versa....
...Active Transport Tubule Urine pH affects Elimination...
...Drug Response Alkaline urine will cause acidic...
...be eliminated faster Urine pH affects drug...

...in urination Altered urine production Polyuria Anuria...
...of outflow of urine Increased resistance to...
...Increase flow of urine Defense See Table...
...color, character of urine Assess, manage clients...
...urethral resistance, allowing urine to escape Etiology...
...is impaired ( urine accumulates and bladder...
...( accumulation of urine in renal pelvis...
...( backflow of urine from the bladder...
...status Examination of urine Diagnosis Functional Urinary...
...pattern Regain normal urine output Prevent associated...
...assistive devices Contain urine with the appropriate...
...insoluble salt in urine is high Nucleation...
...inhibitory substances in urine ( bonds weak...
...Impede outflow of urine Gradual versus acute...
...Hydronephrosis Kidneys produce urine behind obstructed ureter...
...of any stones Urine strained Stones, sediment...
...sent for analysis Urine calcium, uric acid,...
...form in acidic urine Nonpharmacologic therapy Increased...
...color, characteristics of urine See KIDNEY ASSESSMENT,...
...of pain Maintain urine output of 2,500...
...amount, character of urine output Strain all...
...output Strain all urine for stones Note...
...Note hematuria, cloudy urine Maintain patency, integrity...
...Collect, strain all urine, save stones Report...
...amount, character of urine output Teach measures...
...2.02.5 quarts of urine per day Prescribed...